Sonic Acts XII - The Cinematic Experience

Long before celluloid was introduced at the end of the nineteenth century, other media were used to create cinematic experiences: magic lanterns, colour organs, zoëtropes, phenakistoscopes and many other, often optical machines. But even after the introduction of celluloid and the rise of cinema as a spatial concept, there were many attempts to redefine the concept of cinema. This was driven by avant-garde filmmakers during the interbellum, such as Walter Ruttmann and Oskar Fischinger; Jordan Belson and Henry (Ken) Jacobs in the 50s with their Vortex concerts and Le Corbusier’s Philips Pavilion at the World Expo in 1958 by Xenakis and Varèse; and in the 60s by experiments such as computer and film pioneer Stan Vanderbeek’s Movie Drome project. In the 80s and 90s an increasing number of artists, filmmakers, musicians and composers created all kinds of immersive environments in which they experimented with new forms of cinema.

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